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Building a Video Streaming App with SvelteKit and Directus

Published August 1st, 2024

Written By
Clara Ekekenta
Clara Ekekenta
Guest Author
TagsSvelteGuest Author

In this tutorial, you will learn how to build an application using Directus as a backend. You will store and retrieve video metadata in a Directus project as a content management system, and use them to build a video streaming application that tracks views.

Before You Start ​

You will need:

  • Node.js v20.11.1 or later.
  • A code editor on your computer.
  • A Directus project - follow our quickstart guide if you don't already have one.
  • Some knowledge of SvelteKit.

You can find the code for this tutorial in the GitHub repository.

Creating a SvelteKit Project ​

Create a new SvelteKit project and install the required dependencies including the Directus SDK:

npm create svelte@latest video-streaming-app #
cd video-streaming-app
npm install
npm install @directus/sdk svelte-video-player
npm create svelte@latest video-streaming-app #
cd video-streaming-app
npm install
npm install @directus/sdk svelte-video-player

In your src/libs folder, create a new directus.ts file to create a Directus SDK instance helper function:

js
import { createDirectus, rest } from "@directus/sdk";
export const DIRECTUS_API_URL = import.meta.env.VITE_DIRECTUS_URL;
function getDirectusClient() {
  const directus = createDirectus(DIRECTUS_API_URL).with(rest());
  return directus;
};
export default getDirectusClient;
import { createDirectus, rest } from "@directus/sdk";
export const DIRECTUS_API_URL = import.meta.env.VITE_DIRECTUS_URL;
function getDirectusClient() {
  const directus = createDirectus(DIRECTUS_API_URL).with(rest());
  return directus;
};
export default getDirectusClient;

Create a .env file in the root folder of your project and add your Directus API URL:

VITE_DIRECTUS_URL='https://directus.example.com';
VITE_DIRECTUS_URL='https://directus.example.com';

Creating a Directus Collection ​

Create a new videos collection with the following fields:

  • id (Primary Key Field, Type: Manually entered string)
  • title (Type: String, Interface: Input)
  • description (Type: String, Interface: Input)
  • thumbnail (Type: Image Field)
  • video_file (Type: File Field)
  • tags (Type: Tags Field)
  • views (Type: String, Interface: Input)
  • upload_date (Type: Datetime Field)

Give the Public role read access on the videos and directus_files collections.

Create 3 videos in the collection to test with.

Creating the Video Listing Page ​

In your SvelteKit application, create a types.ts file in the src/lib folder to define the structure of your video data and ensure type safety throughout your application.

ts
export interface Video {
  id: string;
  title: string;
  description: string;
  video_file:  { id: string };
  thumbnail: { id: string };
  tags: string[];
  duration: number;
  views: number;
  upload_date: string;
}
export interface Video {
  id: string;
  title: string;
  description: string;
  video_file:  { id: string };
  thumbnail: { id: string };
  tags: string[];
  duration: number;
  views: number;
  upload_date: string;
}

Create a new components folder inside the src/libs folder. Within this new folder, create two component files: VideoCard.svelte and VideoGrid.svelte. Add the following code to the VideoCard.svelte file:

svelte
<script lang="ts">
  import type { Video } from "$lib/types";
  export let video: Video;
</script>
<a href="/video/{video.id}" class="video-card">
  <img
    src={`${import.meta.env.VITE_DIRECTUS_URL}/assets/${video.thumbnail.id}`}
    alt={video.title}
  />
  <h3>{video.title}</h3>
  <p>
    {video.views} views • {new Date(video.upload_date).toLocaleDateString()}
  </p>
</a>
<style>
  .video-card { display: block; text-decoration: none; color: inherit; }
  img { width: 100%; height: auto; }
</style>
<script lang="ts">
  import type { Video } from "$lib/types";
  export let video: Video;
</script>
<a href="/video/{video.id}" class="video-card">
  <img
    src={`${import.meta.env.VITE_DIRECTUS_URL}/assets/${video.thumbnail.id}`}
    alt={video.title}
  />
  <h3>{video.title}</h3>
  <p>
    {video.views} views • {new Date(video.upload_date).toLocaleDateString()}
  </p>
</a>
<style>
  .video-card { display: block; text-decoration: none; color: inherit; }
  img { width: 100%; height: auto; }
</style>

Then add the following code to the VideoGrid.svelte file:

svelte
<script lang="ts">
  import type { Video } from "$lib/types";
  import VideoCard from "./VideoCard.svelte";
  export let videos: Video[];
</script>
<div class="video-grid">
  {#each videos as video}
    <VideoCard {video} />
  {/each}
</div>
<style>
  .video-grid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fill, minmax(250px, 1fr)); gap: 1rem; }
</style>
<script lang="ts">
  import type { Video } from "$lib/types";
  import VideoCard from "./VideoCard.svelte";
  export let videos: Video[];
</script>
<div class="video-grid">
  {#each videos as video}
    <VideoCard {video} />
  {/each}
</div>
<style>
  .video-grid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fill, minmax(250px, 1fr)); gap: 1rem; }
</style>

Those two files are reusable components created to render your video data and organize the videos in a grid layout.

Fetching Videos ​

In your src/libs folder, create a new folder named services. Inside this folder, create a file named index.ts. Add the following code to this file to use the Directus helper function to fetch all the videos from your Directus videos collection:

ts
import getDirectusClient from "$lib/directus";
import { readItems } from "@directus/sdk";
import type { Video } from "$lib/types";

export async function getVideos(params = {}): Promise<Video[]> {
  const directus = getDirectusClient();
  const response = await directus.request(readItems("videos", params));
  return response as Video[];
}
import getDirectusClient from "$lib/directus";
import { readItems } from "@directus/sdk";
import type { Video } from "$lib/types";

export async function getVideos(params = {}): Promise<Video[]> {
  const directus = getDirectusClient();
  const response = await directus.request(readItems("videos", params));
  return response as Video[];
}

Displaying Thumbnails and Titles ​

Update the your routes/+page.svelte file to use the getVideos function to fetch video data and display it using the VideoGrid component. This will display the thumbnails, titles, views and dates of the videos.

svelte
<script lang="ts">
  import { onMount } from "svelte";
  import { getVideos } from "$lib/services/index";
  import VideoGrid from "$lib/components/VideoGrid.svelte";
  import type { Video } from "$lib/types";
  let videos: Video[] = [];
  onMount(async () => {
    try {
      videos = await getVideos({
        sort: ["-upload_date"],
        limit: 20,
        fields: [
          "*",
          { thumbnail: ["*"] },
          { video_file: ["*"] }
        ],
      });
    } catch (error) {
      console.error("Error fetching videos:", error);
    }
  });
</script>
<h1>Stream your favorite vidoes</h1>
{#if videos.length > 0}
  <VideoGrid {videos} />
{:else}
  <p>Loading videos...</p>
{/if}
<script lang="ts">
  import { onMount } from "svelte";
  import { getVideos } from "$lib/services/index";
  import VideoGrid from "$lib/components/VideoGrid.svelte";
  import type { Video } from "$lib/types";
  let videos: Video[] = [];
  onMount(async () => {
    try {
      videos = await getVideos({
        sort: ["-upload_date"],
        limit: 20,
        fields: [
          "*",
          { thumbnail: ["*"] },
          { video_file: ["*"] }
        ],
      });
    } catch (error) {
      console.error("Error fetching videos:", error);
    }
  });
</script>
<h1>Stream your favorite vidoes</h1>
{#if videos.length > 0}
  <VideoGrid {videos} />
{:else}
  <p>Loading videos...</p>
{/if}

Directus stores file metadata in the directus_files collection.

Video Listing

Building the Video Player Page ​

Update your services/index.ts file to add new functions that will fetch a video by its ID and update the videos collection to increment the video's views field.

ts
// your other imports

import { readItems, readItem, updateItem } from "@directus/sdk";

export async function getVideo(id: string): Promise<Video> {
  const directus = getDirectusClient();
  const response = await directus.request(
    readItem("videos", id, {
      fields: [
          "*",
          { thumbnail: ["*"] },
          { video_file: ["*"] }
        ]
    })
  );
  return response as Video;
}

export async function incrementViews(id: string) {
  const directus = getDirectusClient();
  const video = await directus.request(readItem("videos", id));
  await directus.request(
    updateItem("videos", id, { views: parseInt(video.views || 0) + 1 })
  );
}
// your other imports

import { readItems, readItem, updateItem } from "@directus/sdk";

export async function getVideo(id: string): Promise<Video> {
  const directus = getDirectusClient();
  const response = await directus.request(
    readItem("videos", id, {
      fields: [
          "*",
          { thumbnail: ["*"] },
          { video_file: ["*"] }
        ]
    })
  );
  return response as Video;
}

export async function incrementViews(id: string) {
  const directus = getDirectusClient();
  const video = await directus.request(readItem("videos", id));
  await directus.request(
    updateItem("videos", id, { views: parseInt(video.views || 0) + 1 })
  );
}

Create a nested route in your routes folder in the format video/[id]/+page.svelte to create a page to play selected videos. Update this file with the following code:

svelte
<script lang="ts">
  import { page } from "$app/stores";
  import { getVideo, incrementViews } from "$lib/services";
  import VideoPlayer from "svelte-video-player";
  import type { Video } from "$lib/types";
  let video: Video | null = null;
  $: id = $page.params.id;
  $: if (id) {
    getVideo(id)
      .then((v: Video) => {
        video = v;
        incrementViews(id);
      })
      .catch((error) => {
        console.error("Error fetching video:", error);
      });
  }
</script>
{#if video}
  <h1>{video.title}</h1>
  <p>
    {video.views} views • {new Date(video.upload_date).toLocaleDateString()}
  </p>
  <VideoPlayer
    poster={`${import.meta.env.VITE_DIRECTUS_URL}/assets/${video.thumbnail.id}`}
    source={`${import.meta.env.VITE_DIRECTUS_URL}/assets/${video.video_file.id}`}
  />
  <h2>Description</h2>
  <p>{video.description}</p>
  <h2>Tags</h2>
  <div class="tags">
    {#each video.tags as tag}
      <span class="tag">{tag}</span>
    {/each}
  </div>
{:else}
  <p>Loading...</p>
{/if}
<style>
  .tags {
    display: flex;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    gap: 0.5rem;
  }
  .tag {
    background-color: #eee;
    padding: 0.25rem 0.5rem;
    border-radius: 0.25rem;
  }
</style>
<script lang="ts">
  import { page } from "$app/stores";
  import { getVideo, incrementViews } from "$lib/services";
  import VideoPlayer from "svelte-video-player";
  import type { Video } from "$lib/types";
  let video: Video | null = null;
  $: id = $page.params.id;
  $: if (id) {
    getVideo(id)
      .then((v: Video) => {
        video = v;
        incrementViews(id);
      })
      .catch((error) => {
        console.error("Error fetching video:", error);
      });
  }
</script>
{#if video}
  <h1>{video.title}</h1>
  <p>
    {video.views} views • {new Date(video.upload_date).toLocaleDateString()}
  </p>
  <VideoPlayer
    poster={`${import.meta.env.VITE_DIRECTUS_URL}/assets/${video.thumbnail.id}`}
    source={`${import.meta.env.VITE_DIRECTUS_URL}/assets/${video.video_file.id}`}
  />
  <h2>Description</h2>
  <p>{video.description}</p>
  <h2>Tags</h2>
  <div class="tags">
    {#each video.tags as tag}
      <span class="tag">{tag}</span>
    {/each}
  </div>
{:else}
  <p>Loading...</p>
{/if}
<style>
  .tags {
    display: flex;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    gap: 0.5rem;
  }
  .tag {
    background-color: #eee;
    padding: 0.25rem 0.5rem;
    border-radius: 0.25rem;
  }
</style>

Now click on any of the videos to stream it.

Video Player

Creating Search Functionality ​

In your services/index.ts, add a new funtion that implements search functionality to find videos by title or description.

ts
export async function searchVideos(query: string): Promise<Video[]> {
  const directus = getDirectusClient();
  const response = await directus.request(
    readItems("videos", {
      search: query,
      fields: ["*", "thumbnail.*", "video_file.*"],
    })
  );
  return response as Video[];
}
export async function searchVideos(query: string): Promise<Video[]> {
  const directus = getDirectusClient();
  const response = await directus.request(
    readItems("videos", {
      search: query,
      fields: ["*", "thumbnail.*", "video_file.*"],
    })
  );
  return response as Video[];
}

This function uses the search parameter from Directus to perform a search on videos collection.

Update the code in your routes/+page.svelte file to use the searchVideos function to add search functionality to your page.

svelte
<script lang="ts">
  import { onMount } from "svelte";
  import { getVideos, searchVideos } from "$lib/services/index";
  import VideoGrid from "$lib/components/VideoGrid.svelte";
  import type { Video } from "$lib/types";
  let videos: Video[] = [];
  let searchQuery = "";
  let searchResults: Video[] = [];
  let isSearching = false;
  onMount(async () => {
    await loadLatestVideos();
  });
  async function loadLatestVideos() {
    try {
      videos = (await getVideos({
        sort: ["-upload_date"],
        limit: 20,
        fields: ["*", "thumbnail.*", "video_file.*"],
      })) as Video[];
    } catch (error) {
      console.error("Error fetching videos:", error);
    }
  }
  async function handleSearch() {
    if (searchQuery.trim()) {
      isSearching = true;
      try {
        const response = await searchVideos(searchQuery);
        searchResults = response as Video[];
      } catch (error) {
        console.error("Error searching videos:", error);
      } finally {
        isSearching = false;
      }
    } else {
      searchResults = [];
    }
  }
</script>
<h1>Stream your favorite vidoes</h1>
<form on:submit|preventDefault={handleSearch}>
  <input type="text" bind:value={searchQuery} placeholder="Search for videos" />
  <button type="submit">Search</button>
</form>
{#if isSearching}
  <p>Searching...</p>
{:else if searchResults.length > 0}
  <h2>Search Results</h2>
  <VideoGrid videos={searchResults} />
{:else if searchQuery}
  <p>No results found.</p>
{:else}
  <h2>Latest Videos</h2>
  {#if videos.length > 0}
    <VideoGrid {videos} />
  {:else}
    <p>Loading videos...</p>
  {/if}
{/if}
<script lang="ts">
  import { onMount } from "svelte";
  import { getVideos, searchVideos } from "$lib/services/index";
  import VideoGrid from "$lib/components/VideoGrid.svelte";
  import type { Video } from "$lib/types";
  let videos: Video[] = [];
  let searchQuery = "";
  let searchResults: Video[] = [];
  let isSearching = false;
  onMount(async () => {
    await loadLatestVideos();
  });
  async function loadLatestVideos() {
    try {
      videos = (await getVideos({
        sort: ["-upload_date"],
        limit: 20,
        fields: ["*", "thumbnail.*", "video_file.*"],
      })) as Video[];
    } catch (error) {
      console.error("Error fetching videos:", error);
    }
  }
  async function handleSearch() {
    if (searchQuery.trim()) {
      isSearching = true;
      try {
        const response = await searchVideos(searchQuery);
        searchResults = response as Video[];
      } catch (error) {
        console.error("Error searching videos:", error);
      } finally {
        isSearching = false;
      }
    } else {
      searchResults = [];
    }
  }
</script>
<h1>Stream your favorite vidoes</h1>
<form on:submit|preventDefault={handleSearch}>
  <input type="text" bind:value={searchQuery} placeholder="Search for videos" />
  <button type="submit">Search</button>
</form>
{#if isSearching}
  <p>Searching...</p>
{:else if searchResults.length > 0}
  <h2>Search Results</h2>
  <VideoGrid videos={searchResults} />
{:else if searchQuery}
  <p>No results found.</p>
{:else}
  <h2>Latest Videos</h2>
  {#if videos.length > 0}
    <VideoGrid {videos} />
  {:else}
    <p>Loading videos...</p>
  {/if}
{/if}

You can now search and stream any video of your choice.

Search videos

Summary ​

In this tutorial, you've learned how to build a SvelteKit video streaming application that uses data from a Directus project, tracking views when rendering data into pages.

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